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What Java version does Minecraft 1.20.4 need?

Java 17

Minecraft 1.20.4 was released on 2023-12-07. Mojang's version file lists Java 17 for it, for both the game and a server.

FabricYes
ForgeYes
NeoForgeYes
Top mods listing 1.20.4382 of 500

See which Java you have:

java -version

Download Java 17 from Adoptium