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What Java version does Minecraft 1.18 need?

Java 17

Minecraft 1.18 was released on 2021-11-30. Mojang's version file lists Java 17 for it, for both the game and a server.

FabricYes
ForgeYes
NeoForgeNo
Top mods listing 1.18185 of 500

See which Java you have:

java -version

Download Java 17 from Adoptium